Maria A Auger

Profile Information
Publications:
"Atom probe characterisation of segregation driven Cu and Mn–Ni–Si co-precipitation in neutron irradiated T91 tempered-martensitic steel" Paul Bagot, Maria A Auger, Nathan Almirall, Peter Hosemann, G. Robert Odette, Michael Moody, DAvid ARmstrong, Materialia Vol. 14 2020 Link
The T91 grade and similar 9Cr tempered-martensitic steels (also known as ferritic-martensitic) are leading candidate structural alloys for fast fission nuclear and fusion power reactors. At low temperatures (300–400 °C) neutron irradiation hardens and embrittles these steels, therefore it is important to investigate the origin of this mode of life limiting property degradation. T91 steel specimens were separately neutron irradiated to 2.14 dpa at 327 °C and 8.82 dpa at 377 °C in the Idaho National Laboratory Advanced Test Reactor. Atom probe tomography was used to investigate the segregation driven formation of Mn–Ni–Si-rich (MNSPs) and Cu-rich (CRP) co-precipitates. The precipitates increase in size and, slightly, in volume fraction at the higher irradiation temperature and dose, while their corresponding compositions were very similar, falling near the Si(Mn,Ni) phase field in the Mn–Ni–Si projection of the Fe-based quaternary phase diagram. While the structure of the precipitates has not been characterised, this composition range is distinctly different than that of the typically cited G-phase. The precipitates are composed of CRP with MNSP appendages. Such features are often observed in neutron irradiated reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steels. However, the Si, Ni, Mn, P and Cu solutes concentrations are lower in the T91 than in typical RPV steels. Thus, in T91 precipitation primarily takes place in solute segregated regions of line and loop dislocations. These results are consistent with the model for radiation induced segregation driven precipitation of MNSPs proposed by Ke et al. Cr-rich alpha prime (α’) phase formation was not observed.
"Characterisation of nano-scale precipitates in BOR60 irradiated T91 steel using atom probe tomography" Maria A Auger, Moody Michael, Guma Yeli, Victoria Strutt, Paul Bagot, Journal of Nuclear Materials Vol. 543 2021 Link
"Radiation induced segregation and precipitation behavior in self-ion irradiated Ferritic/Martensitic HT9 steel" Maria A Auger, Djamel Kaoumi, Ce Zheng, Michael Moody, Journal of Nuclear Materials Vol. 491 2017 162-176 Link
In this study, Ferritic/Martensitic (F/M) HT9 steel was irradiated to 20 displacements per atom (dpa) at 600 nm depth at 420 and 440 °C, and to 1, 10 and 20 dpa at 600 nm depth at 470 °C using 5 MeV Fe++ ions. The characterization was conducted using ChemiSTEM and Atom Probe Tomography (APT), with a focus on radiation induced segregation and precipitation. Ni and/or Si segregation at defect sinks (grain boundaries, dislocation lines, carbide/matrix interfaces) together with Ni, Si, Mn rich G-phase precipitation were observed in self-ion irradiated HT9 except in very low dose case (1 dpa at 470 °C). Some G-phase precipitates were found to nucleate heterogeneously at defect sinks where Ni and/or Si segregated. In contrast to what was previously reported in the literature for neutron irradiated HT9, no Cr-rich α′ phase, χ-phases, η phase and voids were found in self-ion irradiated HT9. The difference of observed microstructures is probably due to the difference of irradiation dose rate between ion irradiation and neutron irradiation. In addition, the average size and number density of G-phase precipitates were found to be sensitive to both irradiation temperature and dose. With the same irradiation dose, the average size of G-phase increased whereas the number density decreased with increasing irradiation temperature. Within the same irradiation temperature, the average size increased with increasing irradiation dose.
Presentations:
"Nanoscale analysis of neutron irradiated ODS 14YWT ferritic alloy" Maria A Auger, David Hoelzer, Kevin Field, European MRS 2019 May 27-31, (2019)
"Nanoscale characterization of materials by Atom Probe Tomography" Maria A Auger, Seminar -Postgraduate Training Course April 5-5, (2019)
Additional Publications:
"A critical review of consolidation processes for ODS steels: Development as clad tube materials in Gen-IV nuclear reactors" Maria A. Auger, Deepak Kumar, Ujjwal Prakash, Ratnakar Singh, [2025] Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences · DOI: 10.1080/10408436.2025.2529380 · ISSN: 1040-8436
"New processing routes for Zr-based ODS ferritic steels" E. Salas-Colera, S.R. Parnell, V. Martin-Diaconesu, D. Alba Venero, T. Leguey, V. de Castro, M.A. Auger, M. Oñoro, [2024] Nuclear Materials and Energy · DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2024.101713 · ISSN: 2352-1791
"Secondary phases characterization by SANS and XAS of an ODS ferritic steel after thermal aging at 873 K" S.R. Parnell, E. Salas-Colera, D. Alba Venero, V. Martin-Diaconesu, T. Leguey, V. de Castro, M.A. Auger, M. Oñoro, [2024] Nuclear Materials and Energy · DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2024.101671
"Microstructural stability of secondary phases in an ODS ferritic steel after thermal aging at 873 K" V. de Castro, T. Leguey, J. Pöpperlová, R.M. Huizenga, M.A. Auger, M. Oñoro, [2024] Materials Characterization · DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2023.113517 · ISSN: 1044-5803
"Effects of thermal aging at 873 K on the impact properties of an ODS ferritic steel" T. Leguey, V. de Castro, M.A. Auger, M. Oñoro, [2023] Nuclear Materials and Energy · DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2023.101455 · ISSN: 2352-1791
"Proyecto docente sobre la asignatura Física I en el grado en Ingeniería en Tecnologías Industriales" [2022] Universidad Carlos III de Madrid · DOI: 10.13140/rg.2.2.35427.63529
"Plasma Nitriding of an Air-Hardening Medium Manganese Forging Steel" M. A. Auger, S. Richter, A. Gramlich, [2022] HTM Journal of Heat Treatment and Materials · DOI: 10.1515/htm-2022-1017 · ISSN: 1867-2493
Abstract

The impact of plasma nitriding on the microstructure and the hardness of a recently developed 4 wt.-% medium manganese steel are presented. In contrast to standard quench and tempering steels, the investigated material achieves its martensitic microstructure by air-cooling from the forging heat, which enables the reduction of the carbon footprint of the forged components. The influence of nitriding on this grade of steel has not been investigated so far, but fundamental differences in comparison to standard nitriding steels are expected due to the increased manganese concentration. To address this issue, nitriding treatments with different temperatures (350 °C, 580 °C and 650 °C) have been performed, followed by examinations of the microstructure, the phase composition, the obtained hardness profiles and the tensile properties of the bulk material after nitriding, accompanied by thermodynamic equilibrium calculations. It is demonstrated that after nitriding at 580 °C similar hardness profiles like standard nitriding steels are achieved, with a shorter process as austenitization and hardening were omitted, reaching a hardness of approximately 950 HV0.1. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that austenite can be stabilized by manganese and nitrogen partitioning to room temperature during nitriding in the intercritical phase region.

"Powder Particle Size Effects on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mechanically Alloyed ODS Ferritic Steels" Julio Macías-Delgado, María A. Auger, Jan Hoffmann, Vanessa de Castro, Teresa Leguey, Moisés Oñoro, [2021] Metals · DOI: 10.3390/met12010069

Reduced activation ferritic (RAF) steels are expected to be widely used in challenging nuclear industrial applications under severe thermo-mechanical regimes and intense neutron loads. Therefore, actual research panorama is facing the strengthening strategies necessary to maximize both performance and endurance under these conditions. Oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) RAF steels are leader candidates as structural materials in fusion energy reactors thanks to the reinforcement obtained with a fine dispersion of nanosized oxides in their matrix. In this study, the influence of the initial powder particle size and the selected processing route on the final material has been investigated. Two RAF ODS steels coming from atomized pre-alloyed powders with nominal particle powder sizes of 70 and 30 µm and composition Fe-14Cr-2W-0.4Ti-0.3Y2O3 (wt. %) were manufactured by mechanical alloying. Alloyed powders were compacted by hot isostatic pressing, hot crossed rolled, and annealed at 1273 K. Initial powder particle size differences minimize after milling. Both steels present an almost completely recrystallized material and similar grain sizes. The same type and distributions of secondary phases, Cr-W-rich, Ti-rich, and Y-Ti oxide nanoparticles, have been also characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in both alloy samples. The strengthening effect has been confirmed by tensile and Charpy impact tests. The two alloys present similar strength values with slightly better ductile brittle transition temperature (DBTT) and ductility for the steel produced with the smaller powder size.

"Nanocluster evolution and mechanical properties of ion irradiated T91 ferritic-martensitic steel" M. A. Auger, C. Hofer, P. A. J. Bagot, M. P. Moody, D. E. J. Armstrong, T. P. Davis, [2021] Journal of Nuclear Materials · DOI: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2021.152842
"Characterisation of nano-scale precipitates in BOR60 irradiated T91 steel using atom probe tomography" Victoria C.I. Strutt, M.A. Auger, Paul A.J. Bagot, Michael P. Moody, Guma Yeli, [2021] Journal of Nuclear Materials · DOI: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2020.152466
"Atom probe characterisation of segregation driven Cu and Mn–Ni–Si co-precipitation in neutron irradiated T91 tempered-martensitic steel" M.  A. Auger, N. Almirall, P. Hosemann, G.  R. Odette, P.  A.  J. Bagot, M.  P. Moody, D.  E.  J. Armstrong, T.  P. Davis, [2020] Materialia · DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2020.100946
"Sequential ion irradiations on Fe-Cr and ODS Fe-Cr alloys" T. Leguey, I. García-Cortés, F.J. Sánchez, C. Hugenschmidt, M.A. Auger, V. de Castro, M. Šćepanović, [2020] Nuclear Materials and Energy · DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2020.100790 · ISSN: 2352-1791
"Electron microscopy and atom probe tomography of nanoindentation deformation in oxide dispersion strengthened steels" Jack C. Haley, Sarah Connolly, Maria A. Auger, Michael J. Gorley, Patrick S. Grant, Paul A.J. Bagot, Michael P. Moody, David E.J. Armstrong, Thomas P. Davis, [2020] Materials Characterization · DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2020.110477 · ISSN: 1044-5803
"Mechanical properties and stability of precipitates of an ODS steel after thermal cycling and aging" J. Macías-Delgado, M.A. Auger, V. de Castro, T. Leguey, M. Oñoro, [2020] Nuclear Materials and Energy · DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2020.100758 · ISSN: 2352-1791
"Nanoscale analysis of ion irradiated ODS 14YWT ferritic alloy" David T. Hoelzer, Kevin G. Field, Michael P. Moody, Maria A. Auger, [2020] Journal of Nuclear Materials · DOI: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2019.151852 · EID: 2-s2.0-85074236874
"A nanoscale investigation of Carlin-type gold deposits: An atom-scale elemental and isotopic perspective" James O. Douglas, Maria A. Auger, Lars Hansen, Jon Wade, Jean S. Cline, Laurence J. Robb, Michael P. Moody, Phillip Gopon, [2019] Economic Geology · DOI: 10.5382/econgeo.4676 · EID: 2-s2.0-85072959895
Abstract

Carlin-type gold deposits are one of the most important gold mineralization styles in the world. Despite their economic importance and the large volume of work that has been published, there remain crucial questions regarding their metallogenesis. Much of this uncertainty is due to the cryptic nature of the gold occurrence, with gold occurring as dispersed nanoscale inclusions within host pyrite rims that formed on earlier formed barren pyrite cores. The small size of the gold inclusions has made determining their nature within the host sulfides and the mechanisms by which they precipitated from the ore fluids particularly problematic.

This study combines high-resolution electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) with atom probe tomography (APT) to constrain whether the gold occurs as nanospheres or is dispersed within the Carlin pyrites. APT offers the unique capability of obtaining major, minor, trace, and isotopic chemical information at near-atomic spatial resolution. We use this capability to investigate the atomic-scale distribution of trace elements within Carlin-type pyrite rims, as well as the relative differences of sulfur isotopes within the rim and core of gold-hosting pyrite.

We show that gold within a sample from the Turquoise Ridge deposit (Nevada) occurs within arsenian pyrite overgrowth (rims) that formed on a pyrite core. Furthermore, this As-rich rim does not contain nanonuggets of gold and instead contains dispersed lattice-bound Au within the pyrite crystal structure. The spatial correlation of gold and arsenic within our samples is consistent with increased local arsenic concentrations that enhanced the ability of arsenian pyrite to host dispersed gold (Kusebauch et al., 2019). We hypothesize that point defects in the lattice induced by the addition of arsenic to the pyrite structure facilitate the dissemination of gold. The lack of gold nanospheres in our study is consistent with previous work showing that dispersed gold in arsenian pyrite can occur in concentrations up to ~1:200 (gold/arsenic). We also report a method for determining the sulfur isotope ratios from atom probe data sets of pyrite (±As) that illustrates a relative change between the pyrite core and its Au and arsenian pyrite rim. This spatial variation confirms that the observed pyrite core-rim structure is due to two-stage growth involving a sedimentary or magmatic-hydrothermal core and hydrothermal rim, as opposed to precipitation from an evolving hydrothermal fluid.

"Atom Probe Tomography of Carbides in Fe-Cr-(W)-C Steels" Maria A. Auger, Andre Schneider, Michael P. Moody, Alexander R. M. Gramlich, [2019] Steel Research International · DOI: 10.1002/srin.201900107 · EID: 2-s2.0-85065997442
"Post-irradiation analysis at the nanoscale of 14YWT after neutron irradiation (16.6 dpa) at 386C and 412C" [2019] Transactions of the American Nuclear Society · EID: 2-s2.0-85092140835
"Post-irradiation analysis at the nanoscale of 14YWT after neutron irradiation (16.6 dpa) at 386oC and 412oC" [2019] Transactions of the American Nuclear Society · EID: 2-s2.0-85092140835
"Microstructural and mechanical characterisation of Fe-14Cr-0.22Hf alloy fabricated by spark plasma sintering" Y. Huang, H. Zhang, C.A. Jones, Z. Hong, M.P. Moody, S.G. Roberts, P.S. Grant, M.A. Auger, [2018] Journal of Alloys and Compounds · DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.05.196
"Characterisation of ODS Fe-14Cr-2W-0.3Ti before and after high temperature triple and low temperature single ion irradiations" T. Leguey, M.A. Auger, S. Lozano-Perez, D.E.J. Armstrong, I. García-Cortés, V. de Castro, M. Šćepanović, [2018] Materials Characterization · DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2017.12.025 · ISSN: 1044-5803
"Radiation induced segregation and precipitation behavior in self-ion irradiated Ferritic/Martensitic HT9 steel" Maria A. Auger, Michael P. Moody, Djamel Kaoumi, Ce Zheng, [2017] Journal of Nuclear Materials · DOI: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2017.04.040 · ISSN: 0022-3115
"Microstructural comparison of effects of hafnium and titanium additions in spark-plasma-sintered Fe-based oxide-dispersion strengthened alloys" Hongtao Zhang, Maria A. Auger, Zuliang Hong, Huanpo Ning, Michael J. Gorley, Patrick S. Grant, Michael J. Reece, Haixue Yan, Steve G. Roberts, Yina Huang, [2017] Journal of Nuclear Materials · DOI: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2017.02.030
"Positron annihilation study of the vacancy clusters in ODS Fe–14Cr alloys" M. A. Auger, M. A. Monge, R. Pareja, R. Domínguez-Reyes, [2017] Philosophical Magazine · DOI: 10.1080/14786435.2017.1280621
"Microstructure and tensile properties of ODS ferritic steels mechanically alloyed with Fe2Y" T. Leguey, V. de Castro, M.A. Auger, M.A. Monge, P. Spätig, N. Baluc, R. Pareja, J. Macías-Delgado, [2016] Nuclear Materials and Energy · DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2016.09.019
"Microstructure and tensile properties of ODS ferritic steels mechanically alloyed with Fe2Y" T. Leguey, V. de Castro, M.A. Auger, M.A. Monge, P. Spätig, N. Baluc, R. Pareja, J. Macías-Delgado, [2016] Nuclear Materials and Energy · DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2016.09.019 · EID: 2-s2.0-84991213354
"Effect of the milling atmosphere on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a ODS Fe-14Cr model alloy " V. de Castro, T. Leguey, S. Lozano-Perez, P.A.J. Bagot, M.P. Moody, S.G. Roberts, M.A. Auger, [2016] Materials Science and Engineering: A · DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2016.06.054
"Microstructural stability of ODS Fe–14Cr (–2W–0.3Ti) steels after simultaneous triple irradiation " V. de Castro, T. Leguey, M.A. Auger, S. Lozano-Perez, R. Pareja, M. Šćepanović, [2016] Nuclear Materials and Energy · DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2016.08.001
"Atom probe tomography (APT) characterization of the sequence of phase nucleation in a 17-4PH steel" [2015] PTM 2015 - Proceedings of the International Conference on Solid-Solid Phase Transformations in Inorganic Materials 2015 · EID: 2-s2.0-84962642231
"Microstructure and mechanical properties of ODS Fe14Cr model alloy processed by equal channel angular pressing" T. Leguey, V. de Castro, M. A. Monge, R. Pareja, M. A. Auger, [2014] Materials Science and Technology (United Kingdom) · DOI: 10.1179/1743284714y.0000000554 · EID: 2-s2.0-84907708802

A nanograin sized model oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) ferritic steel with nominal composition Fe–14Cr–0·3Y2O3 (wt-) was produced by mechanical alloying and consolidated by hot isostatic pressing. The alloy was submitted to severe plastic deformation by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). Microstructural and mechanical characterisation was performed before and after ECAP. It was found that ECAP decreases and homogenises grain size without altering the nanoparticle dispersion, in addition to enhancing ductility and shifting the strength drop at high temperatures.

"Effect of yttrium addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of ODS RAF steels" V. de Castro, T. Leguey, J. Tarcísio-Costa, M.A. Monge, A. Muñoz, R. Pareja, M.A. Auger, [2014] Journal of Nuclear Materials · DOI: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.08.040 · EID: 2-s2.0-84907909064
"Microstructure and tensile properties of oxide dispersion strengthened Fe-14Cr-0.3Y2O3 and Fe-14Cr-2W-0.3Ti-0.3Y 2O3" V. de Castro, T. Leguey, M.A. Monge, A. Muñoz, R. Pareja, M.A. Auger, [2013] Journal of Nuclear Materials · DOI: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.11.001 · EID: 2-s2.0-84884901325
"Microstructure and mechanical behavior of ODS and non-ODS Fe-14Cr model alloys produced by spark plasma sintering" V. de Castro, T. Leguey, A. Muñoz, R. Pareja, M.A. Auger, [2013] Journal of Nuclear Materials · DOI: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.01.331 · EID: 2-s2.0-84873905705
"Microstructural and mechanical characteristics of EUROFER'97 processed by equal channel angular pressing" M. Eddahbi, M.A. Auger, T. Leguey, M.A. Monge, R. Pareja, P. Fernández, [2011] Journal of Nuclear Materials · DOI: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.12.046 · EID: 2-s2.0-80053604347
"Microstructure and mechanical properties of ultrafine-grained Fe-14Cr and ODS Fe-14Cr model alloys" T. Leguey, A. Muñoz, M.A. Monge, V. de Castro, P. Fernández, G. Garcés, R. Pareja, M.A. Auger, [2011] Journal of Nuclear Materials · DOI: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.12.060 · EID: 2-s2.0-80053604756
"Analytical characterization of secondary phases and void distributions in an ultrafine-grained ODS Fe-14Cr model alloy" T. Leguey, M.A. Auger, S. Lozano-Perez, M.L. Jenkins, V. de Castro, [2011] Journal of Nuclear Materials · DOI: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.12.067 · EID: 2-s2.0-80053608962
"Recubrimientos protectores de TiN y AIN: comportamiento frente a temperatura" O. Sánchez, J. M. Albella, M. A. Auger, [2006] Bolet́in de la Sociedad Española de Cerámica y Vidrio · DOI: 10.3989/cyv.2006.v45.i2.316 · ISSN: 2173-0431
"Chemical stability of TiN, TiAlN and AlN layers in aggressive so 2 environments" J. R. Gancedo, M. A. Auger, O. Sánchez, J. M. Albella, J. F. Marco, [2005] Surface and Interface Analysis · DOI: 10.1002/sia.2083 · EID: 2-s2.0-29144438045
"Growth dynamics of reactive-sputtering-deposited AlN films" L. Vázquez, O. Sánchez, M. Jergel, R. Cuerno, M. Castro, M. A. Auger, [2005] Journal of Applied Physics · DOI: 10.1063/1.1937467 · EID: 2-s2.0-21644461780

We have studied the surface kinetic roughening of AlN films grown on Si(100) substrates by dc reactive sputtering within the framework of the dynamic scaling theory. Films deposited under the same experimental conditions for different growth times were analyzed by atomic force microscopy and x-ray diffraction. The AlN films display a (002) preferred orientation. We have found two growth regimes with a crossover time of 36min. In the first regime, the growth dynamics is unstable and the films present two types of textured domains, well textured and randomly oriented, respectively. In contrast, in the second regime the films are homogeneous and well textured, leading to a relative stabilization of the surface roughness characterized by a growth exponent β=0.37±0.03. In this regime a superrough scaling behavior is found with the following exponents: (i) Global exponents: roughness exponent α=1.2±0.2 and β=0.37±0.03 and coarsening exponent 1∕z=0.32±0.05; (ii) local exponents: αloc=1, βloc=0.32±0.01. The differences between the growth modes are found to be related to the different main growth mechanisms dominating their growth dynamics: sticking anisotropy and shadowing, respectively.

"Structural, optical and mechanical properties of AlN films - effect of thickness" [2003] Superficies y Vacío
"TiN/AlN bilayers and multilayers grown by magnetron co-sputtering" O. Sanchez, C. Ballesteros, M. Jergel, M. Aguilar-Frutis, C. Falcony, M.A. Auger, [2003] Thin Solid Films · DOI: 10.1016/s0040-6090(03)00321-3 · EID: 2-s2.0-0038277098
"Deposition of TiN/A1N bilayers on a rotating substrate by reactive sputtering" R. Gago, M. Fernández, O. Sánchez, J.M. Albella, M.A. Auger, [2002] Surface and Coatings Technology · DOI: 10.1016/s0257-8972(02)00143-3 · EID: 2-s2.0-0036681992
Source: ORCID/CrossRef using DOI